FDA-approved label information
Reproduced from the FDA Structured Product Label via the openFDA API. Label version: September 16, 2023.
- Status
- Human Prescription Drug
- Brand names
- Dipyridamole
- Route
- Oral
- Drug class
- Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor [EPC]
Description
DESCRIPTION Dipyridamole is a platelet inhibitor chemically described as 2,2′,2”,2”’-[(4,8-Dipiperidinopyrimido[5,4- d ]pyrimidine-2,6-diyl)dinitrilo]-tetraethanol. It has the following structural formula: C 24 H 40 N 8 O 4 Mol. Wt. 504.63 Dipyridamole, USP is intensely yellow crystalline powder or needles. It is very soluble in methanol, in alcohol, and in chloroform; slightly soluble in water; very slightly soluble in acetone and in ethyl acetate. Each dipyridamole tablet intended for oral administration contains 25 mg or 50 mg or 75 mg of dipyridamole. In addition, each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: corn starch, hypromellose, iron oxide yellow, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol, povidone and titanium dioxide. structured formula for dipyridamole
Indications and usage
INDICATIONS AND USAGE Dipyridamole tablets are indicated as an adjunct to coumarin anticoagulants in the prevention of postoperative thromboembolic complications of cardiac valve replacement.
Contraindications
CONTRAINDICATIONS Hypersensitivity to dipyridamole and any of the other components.
Adverse reactions
ADVERSE REACTIONS Adverse reactions at therapeutic doses are usually minimal and transient. On long-term use of dipyridamole tablets initial side effects usually disappear. The following reactions in Table 1 were reported in two heart valve replacement trials comparing dipyridamole tablets and warfarin therapy to either warfarin alone or warfarin and placebo: Table 1 Adverse Reactions Reported in 2 Heart Valve Replacement Trials Adverse Reaction Dipyridamole Tablets/ Placebo/ Warfarin Warfarin Number of patients 147 170 Dizziness 13.6% 8.2% Abdominal distress 6. 1% 3.5% Headache 2.3% 0.0% Rash 2.3% 1.1% Other reactions from uncontrolled studies include diarrhea, vomiting, flushing and pruritus. In addition, angina pectoris has been reported rarely and there have been rare reports of liver dysfunction. On those uncommon occasions when adverse reactions have been persistent or intolerable, they have ceased on withdrawal of the medication. When dipyridamole tablets were administered concomitantly with warfarin, bleeding was no greater in frequency or severity than that observed when warfarin was administered alone. In rare cases, increased bleeding during or after surgery has been observed. In post-marketing reporting experience, there have been rare reports of hypersensitivity reactions (such as rash, urticaria, severe bronchospasm, and angioedema), larynx edema, fatigue, malaise, myalgia, arthritis, nausea, dyspepsia, paresthesia, hepatitis, thrombocytopenia, alopecia, cholelithiasis, hypotension, palpitation, and tachycardia.
Drug interactions
Drug Interactions No pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction studies were conducted with dipyridamole tablets. The following information was obtained from the literature. Adenosinergic agents (e.g., adenosine, regadenoson) Dipyridamole has been reported to increase the plasma levels and cardiovascular effects of adenosine. Adjustment of adenosine dosage may be necessary. Dipyridamole also increases the cardiovascular effects of regadenoson, an adenosine A 2A -receptor agonist. The potential risk of cardiovascular side effects with intravenous adenosinergic agents may be increased during the testing period when dipyridamole is not held 48 hours prior to stress testing. Cholinesterase Inhibitors Dipyridamole may counteract the anticholinesterase effect of cholinesterase inhibitors, thereby potentially aggravating myasthenia gravis.
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Teratogenic Effects: PREGNANCY CATEGORY B Reproduction studies have been performed in mice, rabbits and rats at oral dipyridamole doses of up to 125 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg, respectively (about 1 1/2 , 2 and 25 times the maximum recommended daily human oral dose, respectively, on a mg/m 2 basis) and have revealed no evidence of harm to the fetus due to dipyridamole. There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, dipyridamole tablets should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.
Paediatric use
Pediatric Use Safety and effectiveness in the pediatric population below the age of 12 years have not been established.
Overdosage
OVERDOSAGE In case of real or suspected overdose, seek medical attention or contact a Poison Control Center immediately. Careful medical management is essential. Based upon the known hemodynamic effects of dipyridamole, symptoms such as warm feeling, flushes, sweating, restlessness, feeling of weakness and dizziness may occur. A drop in blood pressure and tachycardia might also be observed. Symptomatic treatment is recommended, possibly including a vasopressor drug. Gastric lavage should be considered. Administration of xanthine derivatives (e.g., aminophylline) may reverse the hemodynamic effects of dipyridamole overdose. Since dipyridamole is highly protein bound, dialysis is not likely to be of benefit.
Source: US Food and Drug Administration, via the openFDA API. The FDA does not review, endorse or verify third-party reproductions of this data, and label information may have been updated since it was retrieved.
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